Friday, April 3, 2015

The Closing Bell--4/3/15

The Closing Bell

4/4/15

Statistical Summary

   Current Economic Forecast

           
            2013

Real Growth in Gross Domestic Product:                    +1.0-+2.0
                        Inflation (revised):                                                           1.5-2.5
Growth in Corporate Profits:                                            0-7%

            2014 estimates

                        Real Growth in Gross Domestic Product                   +1.5-+2.5
                        Inflation (revised)                                                          1.5-2.5
                        Corporate Profits                                                            5-10%

            2015 estimates

Real Growth in Gross Domestic Product (revised)      0-+2%
                        Inflation (revised)                                                          1.0-2.0
                        Corporate Profits (revised)                                            -5-+5%

   Current Market Forecast
           
            Dow Jones Industrial Average

                                    Current Trend (revised):  
                                    Short Term Uptrend                                 16902-19679
Intermediate Term Uptrend                      16989-22138
Long Term Uptrend                                  5369-18960
                                               
                        2014    Year End Fair Value                             11800-12000                                          
                        2015    Year End Fair Value                                   12200-12400

            Standard & Poor’s 500

                                    Current Trend (revised):
                                    Short Term Uptrend                                     1974-2955

                                    Intermediate Term Uptrend                       1787-2549
                                    Long Term Uptrend                                    797-2122
                                               
                        2014   Year End Fair Value                                     1470-1490

                        2015   Year End Fair Value                                      1515-1535        

Percentage Cash in Our Portfolios

Dividend Growth Portfolio                          49%
            High Yield Portfolio                                     54%
            Aggressive Growth Portfolio                        53%

Economics/Politics
           
The economy is a neutral for Your Money.   Even though there were a number of upbeat primary indicators this week, in sum, the economic data was still negative: positives---February personal income, weekly jobless claims, month to date retail chain store sales, February pending home sales, weekly mortgage and purchase applications, March consumer confidence, March light vehicle sales, February factory orders and March PMI manufacturing index; negatives---February personal spending, the March Chicago PMI, the March ISM manufacturing index, February construction spending, the March Dallas Fed manufacturing index, the March ADP private payroll report, March nonfarm payrolls, the January Case Shiller home price index and the February US trade balance; neutral---March PCE price deflator.

The important positive primary indicators were personal income, March light vehicle sales, February factory orders and the March PMI manufacturing index; the negative, personal spending, the March ISM manufacturing index, the February US trade balance, March nonfarm payrolls and February construction spending. Plus, the Atlanta Fed reduced its first quarter GDP estimate again (0.0%).  

A brief word about the February trade balance.  Many would argue that a declining trade deficit is a positive; after all, it would suggest that the US is exporting more goods than it is importing---implying that our factories are humming and all the world wants our ‘stuff’.  In this case, however, both exports and imports declined, imports are just declining faster.  Exports are down due to the strong dollar; imports are down because consumer spending is dropping off a cliff---neither is a plus for the economy.  Incidentally, when exports and imports are both falling, that historically has been a coincident indicator with recession.

            I would also note that even though February factory orders beat expectations (+0.2% versus consensus of 0.0%), the January number was revised down from -0.2% to -0.7%---meaning that for the two months combined, factory orders were down 0.3%.

            Finally, the death star in these stats was the nonfarm payrolls number because that is the datapoint to which that the Fed pays the most attention.  (Incidentally, the January payrolls number was revised down substantially). First, I repeat the refrain that one week does not make a trend; so we need more data before getting too beared up.  That said, my second point is that that employment is a lagging indicator---meaning if it is rolling over, the rest of the economy is well on its way to recession.  Third, while declining employment growth would be a negative for the economy, it still might be a positive for the Market, as investor revel is the prospects of an easy Fed.  Fourth, it would be a very clear indication that the Fed has kept its record on monetary transition perfect (100% wrong).  So if the economy is slowing or moving into recession, it now the Hobbesian choice of unwinding QE as the economy sinks or pumping even more destructive QE (capital misallocation, asset mispricing) into the economy.

The upbeat primary indicator notwithstanding, this is now the tenth week that the aggregate numbers have been negative.

There were few international stats and they were mostly negative.  However, Europe again provided a bright spot via its March manufacturing PMI.  This is the third week in a row for upbeat data from the EU.  Not a trend yet but certainly a hopeful sign. 

If this improvement is confirmed, my best guess as to what is happening is that it is an initial reaction to the EU QE.  However, that doesn’t mean I will suddenly change my mind about the destructive impact of QE. To draw a distinction between what may be occurring in Europe and the rest of the world, remember that prior to its QE, the ECB had been following a tight money policy.  Conventional economic theory holds that a reversal from tight to easy money will lead to an improvement in the economic activity.  And that seems to be what is happening. 

On the other hand, Japan and the US have been pursuing easy money for so long, QE not only lost its impact (Don’t forget, I have always said that QEI had beneficial effects.) but has become a negative force in the economy.  The point here being that like the US, sooner or later QE will be just as negative a force in Europe as it has become in the US.  So the question is, how long will the ECB new QE have a plus effect on the EU economies, assuming that it was the trigger for better numbers and that the numbers remain upbeat?  Equally important, if the trend continues (1) will the improvement be strong enough to sustain itself when the economies of its major trading partners (the US, China and Japan) are losing steam (which this week’s stats continued to support)? and (2) can it weather adverse developments in Greece and Ukraine?
           
Speaking of the Greek bailout, the government submitted is revised, revised, revised plan that is supposed to meet the troika’s guidelines for approving bailout funds.  Not surprisingly, it again failed to incorporate sufficient specificity to gain troika approval.  Oh well, back to the drawing board.  Meanwhile the clock is ticking on the due date for certain loan repayments which the bail out money was to fund.  I have seen no revisions from the experts on their 50/50 odds of a Grexit.

Our forecast:

 ‘a below average secular rate of recovery, exacerbated by a declining cyclical pattern of growth,  resulting from too much government spending, too much government debt to service, too much government regulation, a financial system with an impaired balance sheet, and a business community hesitant to hire and invest because the aforementioned, the weakening in the global economic outlook, along with...... the historic inability of the Fed to properly time the reversal of a vastly over expansive monetary policy.’
           
        The pluses:

(1)   our improving energy picture.  Oil supplies remain abundant and that is a significant geopolitical plus.  Furthermore, lower prices should be constructive when viewed as either a cost of production or cost of living.  However, none of pricing positives have yet shown up in the macroeconomic stats.  Indeed, as I have been pointing out, that data only gets worse the further oil prices fall. 

The problem that I am concerned about is the impact lower oil prices [employment, rig count, cash flow] have had on the subprime debt from the oil industry on bank balance sheets and the likelihood of a default. 

Latest tally on rig count (short):

On a related item, banks are now cutting their lines of credit to the oil companies (medium and a must read):


       The negatives:

(1)   a vulnerable global banking system.  This week:

[a] Chase reported that it was near providing $13 billion in customer relief over its mortgage program and HSBC reached a $1.9 billion settlement related to its money laundering activity,

[b] you would think that these clowns would have learned their lesson.  But noooo, it appears that they are driving to the hoop on subprime auto loans. 

[c] plus the tale of that bankrupt Austrian bank continued to worsen and is starting to reveal the extent of exposure to derivatives on EU bank balance sheets.

‘My concern here.....that: [a] investors ultimately lose confidence in our financial institutions and refuse to invest in America and [b] the recent scandals are simply signs that our banks are not as sound and well managed as we have been led to believe and, hence, are highly vulnerable to future shocks, particularly a collapse of the EU financial system.’
          

(2)   fiscal policy. Gone fishing.   No news.

(3)   the potential negative impact of central bank money printing:  The key point here is that [a] the Fed has inflated bank reserves far beyond any comparable level in history and [b] while this hasn’t been an economic problem to date, {i} it still has to withdraw all those reserves from the system without creating any disruptions---a task that I regularly point out it has proven inept at in the past and {ii} it has created or is creating asset bubbles in the stock market as well as in the auto, student and mortgage loan markets. 

The illusion of prosperity created by QE (medium and a must read):

China got the QE drive to destruction back on track this week, as a senior banking official told markets that the Bank of China was prepared for more money printing and that it also took steps to revive the flagging real estate market.

(4)   geopolitical risks: the violence continues in the Middle East as the Saudis and Egyptians are committed to defeat of the Houthis rebels in Yemen [although to date they are doing a pretty lousy job of it] and the action in Iraq is getting confusing as the Iranian troops fighting around Tikrit accused the US of bombing them versus the ISIS rebels.  The risk of some form of civil war between Sunnis and Shi’as mounts.  A civil war would most likely not be good for regional oil assets.

On another front, yesterday Obama announced a format for an outline of a deal with Iran on its nuclear program.  I am not sure what a format for an outline of a deal means other than face time for the president and secretary of state.  However, to be fair on the surface the terms outlined sounded reasonable.  But as always, the devil is in the details.  The question is will anything come of it?  The skeptic in me says no way Melvin.  The optimist in me says at least we didn’t sign a bullshit deal.  Here is a copy of the format for an outline:

Friday morning humor (short):

In addition, …I am…concerned about the lack of appreciation by our leadership of radical Islam’s intent to bring the war to our home.  My fear is that it will take a major catastrophe [like burning people alive and mass beheadings aren’t enough] to make Our Glorious Leader realize how irresponsible, unsound, dangerous and intellectually vacuous our current ‘local law enforcement’,’ jobs for jihadists’ strategy [?] is. 

(5)    economic difficulties, overly indebted sovereigns and overleveraged banks in Europe and around the globe.  Global stats appear to be diverging.  Europe is now in its third week of improving economic stats.  That is not enough data to warrant a change in forecast; however, it is a good sign that Europe may have turned the corner.  That would make some sense in that until the recent QE policy was initiated, the ECB had been following a tight money policy.  So some reflex action would be within historical experience.  On the other hand, there has been no help on the fiscal policy side which again historically usually accompanies money policy changes. 

Further, even assuming the EU economy is now coming off a bottom (1) can that improvement be sustained when China, Japan and the US continue to deteriorate and (2) what occurs if the Greek bailout and/or the Ukraine/NATO/Russia standoff lead to disruptions.  In short, the recent dataflow is clearly a positive but for it to be meaningful, there must be some follow through and Greece and Ukraine have to somehow ‘muddle through’.  

Latest on Greece---Tsipras heads to Moscow (medium):

While back at home, Greeks are anticipating a Grexit (medium):

‘Muddling through’ remains the assumption in our Economic Model.  Hopefully, the recent EU data will continue; which should improve the odds of this scenario.  On the other hand, the Chinese and Japanese economies continue to falter and they collectively are bigger than the combined EU economies. This remains the biggest risk to forecast.


Bottom line:  the US economic news was negative for the tenth straight week.  Estimates continue to be lowered for economic and profit growth, though no one has yet uttered the ‘r’ word. 

Overseas, the EU economy may be in the process of turning the corner though it is too soon to know.  Elsewhere the lousy numbers just keep on coming.  The questions being, is the EU anticipating a global rebound; but if it is not, can it sustain the recent improvement when its major trading partners continue to deteriorate.  China revved up the QE, currency devaluation race this week which will not help any EU recovery or overall growth prospects worldwide.

My immediate concern is that these actions add fuel to the currency devaluation race---the history of trade wars generally suggest that they don’t end well. Further, I believe that the ultimate price for the largest expansion in global monetary supply in history will be paid by those assets whose prices have been grossly distorted, not the least of which are US equity prices.

The geopolitical hotspots remain unresolved (1) the Greeks and the Troika seem to get a mille short hair closer to a bailout plan; but not enough to raise optimism, (2) the Ukraine/NATO/Russia standoff continues and (3) the Middle East violence has escalated raising the odds of a Sunni/Shi’a civil war---which almost certainly won’t leave oil supplies unscathed.


This week’s data:

(1)                                  housing: February pending home sales was above estimates; weekly mortgage and purchase applications were up; the January Case Shiller home price index rose more than anticipated,

(2)                                  consumer:  February personal income was better than consensus, personal spending worse and the PCE deflator in line; the March ADP private payroll report was well short of forecasts as was March nonfarm payrolls; weekly jobless claims declined versus estimates of a rise; month to date retail chain store sales were up slightly; March light vehicle sales improved; March consumer confidence was above expectations,

(3)                                  industry: the March Chicago PMI was disappointing; the March PMI manufacturing index was slightly better than estimates; the March ISM manufacturing index was much less than anticipated; February construction spending declined versus consensus of an increase; February factory orders were better than forecast, the March Dallas Fed manufacturing index was well below estimates,

(4)                                  macroeconomic: the US February trade deficit was less than anticipated.

The Market-Disciplined Investing
           
  Technical

The indices (DJIA 17763, S&P 2066) recovered yesterday.  But both remained below the lower boundaries of their very short term uptrends.  Under our time and distance discipline, that would warrant negating those uptrends.  However, because both of the Averages (1) ended very close to those trend lines and (2) finished either right on [Dow] or above [S&P] their 100 day moving averages, I am holding off.  On the latter point, it appears that 100 day moving average has again provided meaningful support.

Longer term, the indices remained well within their uptrends across all timeframes: short term (16902-19679, 1974-2955), intermediate term (16989-22138, 1785-2547 and long term (5369-18860, 797-2122).  

Volume declined; breadth improved.  The VIX was down, finishing within its short term trading range, its intermediate term downtrend, its long term trading range, below its 50 day moving average and within a developing pennant formation.  I continue to think that it remains a reasonably priced hedge. 

Update on sentiment (short):

The long Treasury was hit on Friday though it had a good week.  It ended within its short term trading range, intermediate and long term uptrends and above its 50 day moving average.  Unfortunately, in Friday’s pin action, TLT could not get above its last high which could suggest declining momentum.  How much follow through there is to the downside will give us hint directionally.

Counterpoint (short):

GLD’s price fell, but closed within its short and intermediate term trading ranges, its long term downtrend and below its 50 day moving average.  GLD still has a number of tough resistance levels yet to overcome before we can assume that the worst is over.

Bottom line: short term I am watching the pin action around the lower boundaries of the indices very short term uptrends and their 100 day moving averages for hints of direction.  Longer term, the trends are solidly up and will be so until the short term uptrends, at the very least, are negated.
           
Fundamental-A Dividend Growth Investment Strategy

The DJIA (17763) finished this week about 47.5% above Fair Value (12036) while the S&P (2061) closed 37.8% overvalued (1495).  Incorporated in that ‘Fair Value’ judgment is some sort of half assed attempt at getting fiscal policy under control, a botched Fed transition from easy to tight money, a historically low long term secular growth rate of the economy and a ‘muddle through’ scenario in Europe, Japan and China.

This week’s US economic stats were negative, but in fairness did contain some positive primary indicators.  In addition, the Atlanta Fed lowered its first quarter GDP forecast again (now +0.0%) and company forward earnings guidance is dropping.  Nothing here to warrant altering our Economic Model or change the assumptions in our Valuation Model.

The global economic news seems to be diverging with Europe showing signs of recovery while the rest of the world slows down.  As I noted above, it is too soon to know if the EU economy is mending; and even if it is, I am not sure it can sustain that improvement if the growth rates in China, Japan and the US economies are declining. 

In addition, the Greek bailout talks have progressed very little, the outcome of the current Ukraine/NATO/Russia standoff is uncertain and, the just announced format for an outline of an Iranian nuclear deal notwithstanding there remains a considerable distance between the cup and the lip. 

As I noted last week, I have no clue how to quantify the aforementioned geopolitical risks’ impact on our Models even if I could place decent odds of their outcome because: (1) the outcomes are mostly binary, i.e. Greece either exists the EU or doesn’t and (2) they all most likely incorporate potential unintended consequences, which by definition are unknowable.  Better to just say these are potential risks with conceivably significant costs and then wait to see if we ‘muddle through’ or have to deal with those costs.  The important investment takeaway, I believe, is to be sure that your portfolio had at least some protection in the downside.

Global QE got another boost this week from China.  There really isn’t much to say to this development except that it only makes the problems QE has already created worse (misallocation of investment, asset mispricing, encouraging speculation, beggar thy neighbor currency devaluations).  Regrettably, it will also likely make the correction process more painful; and nothing says correction like the spread between current prices and Fair Value as calculated by our Valuation Model. 

Bottom line: the assumptions in our Economic Model have recently changed.  While they will have no effect on our Valuation Model, if I am correct they will almost assuredly result in changes in Street models which will have to bring their consensus Fair Value down. 

The assumptions in our Valuation Model have not changed either; though there are scenarios listed above that could lower Fair Value.  That said, our Model’s current calculated Fair Values are so far below current valuation that any downward revisions by the Street will only bring their estimates more in line with our own.

Our Portfolios maintain their above average cash position.  Any move to higher levels would encourage more trimming of their equity positions.

I can’t emphasize strongly enough that I believe that the key investment strategy today is to take advantage of the current high prices to sell any stock that has been a disappointment or no longer fits your investment criteria and to trim the holding of any stock that has doubled or more in price.

Bear in mind, this is not a recommendation to run for the hills.  Our Portfolios are still 55-60% invested and their cash position is a function of individual stocks either hitting their Sell Half Prices or their underlying company failing to meet the requisite minimum financial criteria needed for inclusion in our Universe.
           
            Explaining the stock and bond markets (medium):

DJIA                                                   S&P

Current 2015 Year End Fair Value*              12300                                                  1525
Fair Value as of 4/30/15                                  12036                                                  1495
Close this week                                               17763                                                  2066   

Over Valuation vs. 4/30 Close
              5% overvalued                                12637                                                    1569
            10% overvalued                                13239                                                   1644 
            15% overvalued                                13841                                                    1719
            20% overvalued                                14443                                                    1794   
            25% overvalued                                  15045                                                  1868   
            30% overvalued                                  15647                                                  1943
            35% overvalued                                  16248                                                  2018
            40% overvalued                                  16850                                                  2093
            45%overvalued                                   17452                                                  2167
            50%overvalued                                   18054                                                  2242
            55% overvalued                                  18655                                                  2317

Under Valuation vs. 4/30 Close
            5% undervalued                             11434                                                      1420
10%undervalued                            10832                                                       1345   
15%undervalued                            10230                                                  1270



* Just a reminder that the Year End Fair Value number is based on the long term secular growth of the earning power of productive capacity of the US economy not the near term   cyclical influences.  The model is now accounting for somewhat below average secular growth for the next 3 to 5 years. 

The Portfolios and Buy Lists are up to date.


Steve Cook received his education in investments from Harvard, where he earned an MBA, New York University, where he did post graduate work in economics and financial analysis and the CFA Institute, where he earned the Chartered Financial Analysts designation in 1973.  His 40 years of investment experience includes institutional portfolio management at Scudder. Stevens and Clark and Bear Stearns, managing a risk arbitrage hedge fund and an investment banking boutique specializing in funding second stage private companies.  Through his involvement with Strategic Stock Investments, Steve hopes that his experience can help other investors build their wealth while avoiding tough lessons that he learned the hard way.








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